| Home > Scholarly Contributions > Abstracts > Volume 6 Issue 2
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| Volume 6 Issue 2
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Manipulating montage: Effects on film comprehension, recall, person perception, and aesthetic responses.
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Paul S. Cowen, 1988, 6:2, 97-115.
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Abstract:
A short narrative film was edited four different ways by varying the amount and type of deviation from linear montage and the presentation of action and events in their canonical order of action and reconstruction of the linear order of events were strongly associated with the degree of montage linearity, regardless of the particular plot or motives that were inferred. However, the most veridical perceptions of the protagonists were produced by a relatively deviant version, along with unexpectedly high recall and linear comprehension. Results suggest that understanding and recalling a film's events and an actor's behavior depend on the interplay between the underlying story grammar and the way the montage implies temporal continuity or a retroactive match through its depiction of spatial relations and movement. Presenting negative information at the end leads to more negative impressions of a protagonist and spectators increasingly dislike the film as versions become less filmic, even if they successfully reconstruct the linear order of events.
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Joint effects of chroma and value on spatial balance of color pairs.
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Robert H. Morriss & William P. Dunlap, 1988, 6:2, 117-126.
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Abstract:
Previous research has shown that for two areas of color to appear spatially balanced, small areas of high chroma (saturation) balance larger areas of low chroma. For colors of different value (lightness), subjects prefer a narrow band of either the light or the dark color, avoiding equal areas when values differ. Theories of color balance treat both value and chroma; therefore, the purpose of the present research was to study spatial balance of stimuli that varied in both aspects. Value and chroma were varied in equal Munsell steps (Experiment 1), and in approximately equal perceptual units (Experiment 2), because value has a much smaller just noticeable difference (jnd) than chroma. In Experiment 1, both value and chroma affected balance in patterns very similar to their effects when varied alone. In Experiment 2 chroma alone affected balance. Munsell's theory fit the data better than Moon and Spencer's, but neither adequately described the complex way value affects balance on a neutral gray background.
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As member of the IAEA you receive the Empirical Studies of the Arts
twice a year for free and are able to purchase all back issues since
1983 at discounted rates.
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Art critics and art publics: A study in the sociology and politics of taste.
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Emanuel Levy, 1988, 6:2, 127-148.
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Abstract:
This article examines theoretically and empirically a central question in the sociology of art: the role of art critics and their influence on artists, art works, and art publics. The study compares two taste subcultures: the artistic taste s of professional theater critics and the lay public. It is based on empirical research on critics' and publics' assessments and reactions to theatrical productions in Israel over a period of half a century, from 1918 to 1968. These differential reactions are described and explained in terms of three variables: the type of publication in which the plays were reviewed (mass versus elite publications), the historical time-period (the pre-statehood versus the post statehood era), and the type of play presented (specifically Jewish versus non-Jewish plays). Patterns of agreement and disagreement among the critics, and between the critics and the larger public are described and analyzed. The article concludes with a discussion of the changes in the roles of critics and in the functions of the theatrical institution, which are examined in relation to Israel's changing political, demographic, and social settings from 1918 to 1968.
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As member of the IAEA you receive the Empirical Studies of the Arts
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1983 at discounted rates.
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Anaphora in popular stories: Implications for narrative theory.
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Barbara A. Fox, 1988, 6:2, 149-169.
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Abstract:
Recent work in a variety of fields, including literary criticism, linguistics, cognitive psychology, and computer science, has been rife with theories of narrative, in particular narrative structure. The goal of this article is to evaluate, by exploring data on anaphora in narratives, two specific models of narrative structure, Story Grammar and Conceptual Dependency, whose underlying assumptions are shared by a wide range of theorists and to comment in general on re-visioning narrative theory.
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Buy the whole article at baywood.com - online shop now.
To let you know:
As member of the IAEA you receive the Empirical Studies of the Arts
twice a year for free and are able to purchase all back issues since
1983 at discounted rates.
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The legacy of Daniel E. Berlyne.
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Gerald C. Cupchik, 1988, 6:2, 171-186.
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Abstract:
Daniel Berlyne was a respected researcher and founder of modern experimental aesthetics who died in 1976 at the age of fifty-two. This article examines his intellectual development in the context of reminiscences about childhood and educational experiences in England. His first publication, "'Interest' as a psychological concept" is compared with one of his last publications, "Behaviourism? Cognitive Theory? Humanistic Psychology? - To Hull with Them All!". Consistent themes and attitudes which emerge are historical erudition, a preference for thought over observation, and for integrative theories about motivational issues. Paradoxically, Berlyne expressed a concern for "ordinary phenomena" but rejected some topics as inappropriate to scientific study and opted for operational definitions. The foundation of these diverse attitudes and themes are sought in an interview which Berlyne gave in 1973. His erudition, intellectual independence and work skills are traced to childhood experiences. Of special importance was the conflict between idealistic humanism and science which was resolved at Cambridge in a radical "conversion" to positivist methodology and behaviorism. This helps to account for some of Berlyne's narrow ideas about science and psychology.
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Buy the whole article at baywood.com - online shop now.
To let you know:
As member of the IAEA you receive the Empirical Studies of the Arts
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1983 at discounted rates.
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Accounting for taste.
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Ruth Samson Luborsky, 1988, 6:2, 187-206.
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Abstract:
Speculation about the effect of time on taste in women's fashions is common. This research is the first systematic study of the curve of that relationship. Representative fashions in women's daytime costume from thirteen selected years from 1980 back to 1840 were rated for liking independently by sixty subjects divided into three age groups of twenty each. Their liking curve showed a decline over the span of years with a trough at 1920 and re-elevation after that. A repeated measures analysis of variance for differences among the years and age groups showed that the ratings by the respondents changed significantly and the separate age groups changed differently from each other.
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Buy the whole article at baywood.com - online shop now.
To let you know:
As member of the IAEA you receive the Empirical Studies of the Arts
twice a year for free and are able to purchase all back issues since
1983 at discounted rates.
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