| Home > Scholarly Contributions > Abstracts > Volume 2 Issue 2
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| Volume 2 Issue 2
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Color preferences, color harmony, and the quantitative use of colors.
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Aviva Rapoport & Amnon Rapoport, 1984, 2:2, 95-112.
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Abstract:
One hundred and forty-eight subjects participated in an experiment in which each subject had 1) to indicate the magnitude of his or her preferences between all pairs of seven surface colors and 2) to later use the same seven colors in a coloring task so as to create as harmonic a painting as possible. A scaling procedure due to Saaty was employed to compute for each subject a numerical measure of the consistency of his or her preference judgments and, subsequently, to construct a ratio scale of the strength of each person's preferences for the seven colors [1, 21. It was found that 1) color preferences can be meaningfully measured on a ratio scale, 2) the derived intensities of color preference are largely accounted for by Munsell's laws of harmony, which can be extended to derive quantitative relations between surface colors with known Munsell designations, and 3) the intensities of color preference and the quantitative use of colors in a content-free coloring task are strongly related within the same individual.
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Taste versus fashion: The inferred objectivity of aesthetic judgments.
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Michael R. Solomon, Dayton J.Pruitt, & Chester A. Insko, 1984, 2:2, 113-126.
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Abstract:
While some evaluations of aesthetic stimuli are assumed to be matters of personal "taste," other judgments are assumed to be influenced by the prevalent opinions of peers and/or "experts" (e.g., art critics). The nature of this assumption may depend upon the perception that a "correct" answer exists in objective reality. Employing social psychological principles of attribution theory, this study investigates the degree to which subjects' explanations for a target person's reactions to tasks involving color evaluations were influenced by subjects' knowledge of others' choices in the same situation (consensus information). It was hypothesized that the assumed objectivity (or subjectivity) of a judgment is related to the utilization of such information. Participants were provided with brief accounts of fictitious subjects' behavior in three experiments involving reactions to colors. Each "study" involved the rendering of a judgment which was conceptualized as either objective (physical reality), quasi-objective (expert), or subjective (preference). Level of consensus or agreement regarding each judgment was also manipulated. In line with prediction, consensus information exerted an overall effect on attributions but had the most impact in the case of objective judgments. It is suggested that convergence of opinion may lead to the inference that an aesthetic judgment has an external, objective reference; the ramifications of normative evidence for the internal consumption of aesthetics are considered.
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Buy the whole article at baywood.com - online shop now.
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As member of the IAEA you receive the Empirical Studies of the Arts
twice a year for free and are able to purchase all back issues since
1983 at discounted rates.
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Speech made visible: The irregular as a system of meaning.
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Sarah Catherine Brett-Smith, 1984, 2:2, 127-148.
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Abstract:
Bogolanfini are mud-dyed cloths painted by women of the Bamana tribe in Mali. Bogolanfini designs are regular geometric patterns, however they are invariably marked by "inaccuracies 1, and irregularities. It is argued in this article that these irregularities are not mistakes. Rather, they are intentional. The cloths are documents coding knowledge. The inaccuracies serve to conceal this knowledge from all but the initiated. They are analogous to the ambiguities in indigenous writing systems. In Bamana culture, direct speech is frowned on and metaphorical and ambiguous speech is favored. In some cases, direct communication of knowledge is believed to lead to madness. Hypothetically, the irregularities in Bogolanfini cloths reflect these cultural values concerning speech, writing, and communication in general.
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Buy the whole article at baywood.com - online shop now.
To let you know:
As member of the IAEA you receive the Empirical Studies of the Arts
twice a year for free and are able to purchase all back issues since
1983 at discounted rates.
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Conflicting criteria of success in the careers of symphony musicians.
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Thomas Spence Smith & Raymond J. Murphy, 1984, 2:2, 149-172.
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Abstract:
Orchestral musicians earn larger salaries as their career development wins them employment in major orchestras, but they may simultaneously face disappointing losses of intrinsic musical satisfactions from their work. Such trade-offs of intrinsic for extrinsic rewards, along with other contradictions in the setting of orchestral work, appear to be primarily a function of the stratification among orchestras. These and other observations are presented in this article in the course of developing a structural equation model of orchestral career commitment. The model is fitted to survey data drawn from a national sample of symphony orchestras.
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Buy the whole article at baywood.com - online shop now.
To let you know:
As member of the IAEA you receive the Empirical Studies of the Arts
twice a year for free and are able to purchase all back issues since
1983 at discounted rates.
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Three models of narrative comprehension in William Stafford's "Traveling through the dark": Some relations between schemata and interpretive context (Part 2).
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Robert Brooke, 1984, 2:2, 173-.
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Abstract:
This article discusses the mechanisms involved in accounting for William Stafford's poem "Traveling Through the Dark." Part I presented the narrative models of Teun van Dijk and William Labov, while Part 2 continues the discussion of Labov's model, introduces Stanley Fish's view of narrative, and relates all three models to Roger Schank's and Robert de Beaugrande's theoretical work on stories. In the conclusion, a number of criteria for the evaluation of narrative theories are suggested.
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Buy the whole article at baywood.com - online shop now.
To let you know:
As member of the IAEA you receive the Empirical Studies of the Arts
twice a year for free and are able to purchase all back issues since
1983 at discounted rates.
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